Apparatus for reducing material by impact



Dec. 2, 1958 F. w. ROLLINS APPARATUS FOR REDUCING MATERIAL, BY IMPACT Filed March 22, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 WQ 0 a 0m. a mm o a O w I I u ln a H II I i MM Q N. Pun 0 WW,

INVENTOR. F. WROZZ ins Attorney Dec. 2, 1958. F. w. ROLLINS APPARATUS FOR REDUCING MATERIAL BY IMPACT Fi led March 22, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 iii vfllllllllllllflla a QQQQ a INVENTOR. F WHOZZ ins Attorney 1958 F. w. ROLLINS 2,862,669

APPARATUS FOR REDUCING MATERIAL BY IMPACT Filed March 22, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 o o I @1 @L 61 x 81 o i O 0 E93 o 14- O 2m.

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7 F WRolZlns A tto rney Dec. 2, 1958 F. w. ROLLINS APPARATUS FOR REDUCING MATERIAL BY IMPACT Filed March 22, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTQR. FWRollms d. j Artur 522% United States Patent APPARATUS FOR REDUCING MATERIAL BY IMPACT Fred W. Rollins, Danville, Pa., assignor to Kennedy Van Saun Mfg. & Eng. Corporation, New York, N, Y., a corporation of Delaware Application March 22, 1956, Serial No. 573,240

Claims. (Cl. 241-154) This invention relates to apparatus for reducing material, such as blasted quarry rock, by impact with itself and impact members.

It is an object of the invention to provide apparatus wherein the material is subjected to a multi-stage and triple action reduction to produce a greater ratio of reduction of free impact.

Another object of the invention is to provide a low positioned feed of material to the apparatus to produce a minimum feed height for maximum material penetration and thereby eliminate jamming of the material in the apparatus and excessive shock on the apparatus.

Another object of the invention is to provide two massive rotors with replaceable hammer bars to effect the entire material reducing action.

Another object of the invention is to provide a reduction chamber large enough to permit free reduction of the material without interfering with the feed of the material into said chamber and causing a jam of material in said chamber.

Another object of the invention is to arrange the rotors in the reduction chamber in such a manner to require less power to operate said rotors to reduce a given quantity of material.

Another object of the invention is to provide a baflle or deflecting plate adjustable above one of the rotors to produce a wide range of sizes of reduced material.

A further object of the invention is to provide a baflile or deflecting plate above each rotor whereby the material trajected by the rotors is returned to the rotors for-the desired reduction of the material.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel means for retaining hammer bars in the rotors and to .provide adjustment of the hammer bars in the rotors for compensating wear of the hammer bars.

A further object of the invention is to provide a feed box .above an inlet for the material to be reduced into the reduction chamber and a plurality of plates shielding the entrance to the feed box and movably mounted to prevent damage and facilitate rapid feeding.

A further object of the invention is to provide a twoplate grate at the discharge end of the reduction chamber, one plate being stationary in the upper portion of the reduction chamber and the other plate being adjustably mounted in the lower portion of the reduction chamber between the rearmost rotor and the rear wall of the casing to regulate the size of reduced material discharged directly from the adjacent rotor.

It is a further object of the invention to provide the circumference of each rotor with parallel rows of spaced protuberances of wear-resisting material.

A further object of the invention is to form each rotor from steel plates with end disks to prevent wear of the side walls of the reduction chamber and wear on the ends of the hammer bars.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description of the invention.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this application:

Figure 1 is a sectional view in side elevation of the apparatus forming the embodiment of the invention;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of the pivotal and slidable mounting of the plates shielding the entrance to the feed box;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of a peripheral portion of a rotor showing the adjustment of a hammer bar to compensate for wear of said hammer bar;

Figure 4 is a rear end elevational view of the apparatus;

Figure 5 is a sectional view of the upper portion of the apparatus taken substantially on the line 55 of Figure 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of an adjustable baflie or deflecting plate;

Figure 7 is a side sectional view in elevation, on an enlarged scale, of the rear end portion of the apparatus;

Figure 8 is a fragmentary sectional plan view taken on the line 88 of Figure 7 looking in the direction of the arrows to show means for adjusting the adjustable grate plate;

Figure 9 is a view, on an enlarged scale, of a rotor partly in section to show the structure thereof;

Figure 10 is an end view of the rotor shown in Figure 9; and

Figure 11 is a perspective view of a hammer bar with an end portion broken-away.

The embodiment of the invention comprises a casing including parallel side walls 12, a rear wall 13 connecting the side walls and a partial top wall 14 extended from the rear wall and spaced from the front ends of the side walls 12, as shown in Figure 1. The casing is supported upon an open frame base 15. The front of the casing is open to constitute an inlet 16 for the material to be reduced, such as blasted quarry rock. To accommodate large size rock, the inlet opening 16 is provided with a removable feed box including parallel side walls 17, a

top wall 18 and a rear wall 19 and mounted on top of the casing with the rear portion of an open bottom of the feed box communicating with an open portion of the top of the casing, as shown at 20 in Figure 1. The front portion of the feed box is extended beyond the front ends of the casing side walls 12 with the front and extending bottom open. The open front of the feed box is shielded by a plurality of plates 21 pivoted at the upper ends on a shaft 22 slidably mounted at the opposite end portions in elongated openings 23 in the side walls 17 a of the feed box. The shaft 22 normally rests in the bottoms of the openings 23 by the weight of the plates 21. The forward edge portion of the top wall 18 is spaced from the plates 21 to provide an operating clearance for said plates and said operating clearance is covered by a flexible dust seal 24 bearing against the upper ends of the plates 21 to prevent the escape of rock fragments and 'dust, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The plates 21 only partially shield the open front of the feed box and the remaining lower portion of said open front is shielded by a plurality of chains 25 fixed at one end to the lower end of each plate 21 with the lower portions of the chains extended below the feed box in front of the inlet 16 of the casing.

The material to be reduced is delivered to the inlet 16 by suitable means, such as a shovel, dump-truck or conveyer. In the present illustration of the invention, an endless conveyor is shown represented in a general way at 26 in Figure 1. One supported end of the conveyer is spaced from the inlet 16 in a horizontal plane approximately midway of the top and bottom of said inlet and p in avertical plane well within the front ends of the side walls 17 of the feed box. The lower ends of the chains 25 extend to the upper stretch of the conveyer to prevent escape of material from the apparatus while it is reduced. The space between the conveyer 26 and they inlet 16 and a portion of the open bottom of the feed box is enclosed at the opposite sides by plates 27 secured to the casing side walls 12 and the feed box side walls 17 to guide the material from the conveyer 26 to the inlet 16. The material is further guided or directed into the inlet 16 by a feed device comprising a supporting box-like base, 2 3 secured to the plates 27 and the base 15, and a plate 29 adjustably supported by the base 23 to have adjustment at different levels from the base 28, as indicated in the broken-line positions in Figure 1. The feed device is mounted to extend in an oblique plane.

The plate 29 of the feed device directs the material into a path of rotation of a rotor 36 rotatably mounted in the base adjacent to the front wall of said base and another rotor 31 is also rotatably mounted in the base 15 and spaced from the rear wall of said base, as shown in Figure 1. The path of travel of the material into the casing is indicated by the arrow line a. Each rotor comprises a shaft 32 having the opposite ends rotatable in bearings 33 supported in channel members 34 on the exterior of the side walls of the base 15, as shown in Figures 1, 4, 7, 9 and 10. The portion of the shaft 32 between the side walls of the base 15 supports a solid body constructed of a plurality of steel plates 35 electrically welded together about their peripheries, as shown at 36 in Figure 9, and having in their center portions a machined bore into which the shaft 32 is pressed, keyed and locked into place by pins 37, as shown in Figures 9 and 10. The exterior surfaces of the plates 35 are machined to form three corresponding curved portion 38 eccentric to the shaft 32 and having their centers equidistantly spaced from each other concentrically of the shaft, as indicated at 39 in Figure 10. Said curved portions 38 are provided with parallel rows of spaced protuberances 4d, the rows extending longitudinally of the rotor body plates 35 and the protuberances in one row being in alignment with the spaces in the adjacent rows, as shown in Figure 9. The protuberances may be formed in any suitable manner but are preferably formed by welding material to produce a wear resisting surface. Longitudinal recesses are machined in the rotor body at the junctures between the curved portions 38-. Each recess includes an oblique side 41, an indentation 42 in the opposite side and an enlarged cavity 43 at the bottom, as shown in Figures 3 and 10. Said recesses extend for the entire length of the rotor body to facilitate the mounting of a hammer bar 44 in each recess. Each hammer bar is provided at a bottom portion with a beveled face 45 corresponding to the angle of inclination of the oblique side 41 of each recess and spaced cutouts 46 in said beveled face, as shown in Figure ll. The opposite side of the hammer bar is provided with spaced pockets 47 substantially in alignment with the beveled face 45. The top portion of the hammer bar is square and extended from the highest point of the curved portion 38. The hammer bar is retained in the recesses 41-43 by a plurality of push-bolts, each push-bolt having a screwthreaded head 48 adjustably mounted in spaced portions of the highest point of each curved portion 38 in alignmerit with the indentation d2 of each recess and a reduced stem 49 extended into a spaced pocket 47 with the extremity abutting the bottom of said pocket, as shown in Figures 3, 9 and 10. The push-bolts are retained in hammer bar securing position by set-screws 56 abutting the heads 48. The stems 49 will abut the pockets 47 where the beveled face extends to the bottom of the hammer bar so that the cut-outs 46 will not unduly weaken the hammer bar while reducing the weight thereof. By the continuous impact of the material on the will wear, and to avoid frequent replacement of said hammer bars, the hammer bars are extended out of the recesses to the proper position, as shown in Figure 3, by a keeper-plate 51 having spaced cars 52 projecting laterally from one edge to engage in the enlarged cavity 43 with the plate interposed between the oblique side 41 and beveled face 45, as shown in Figure 3. When the keeper-plate 51 is used, the push-bolt has a shorter shank, as shown at 53 in Figure 3. After the hammer bars 44 are secured in the recesses 4l43, the ends of the recesses are closed by cover plates 54. To prevent crushed material from entering the hammer recesses in the rotor bodies, each end of the rotor bodies is provided with an annular plate or disk 55 secured to the rotor body end by suitable means, such as welding 56 in Figure 9. The shafts 32 are arranged with bearing portions 57 supported by the bearings 33 and end portions 58 projecting from the bearings 33 for connection with power means, not shown, whereby both rotors are rotated in clockwise directions, looking at Figure l, which is in the direction of the feed of material from the inlet 16 toward the rear wall 13. The rotors are rotated at speeds from two hundred fifty revolutions per minute to eight hundred fifty revolutions per minute.

At these rates of speed of rotation of the rotors, the hammer bars 44 of the rotor 30 will shatter the material leaving the feed device plate 29 and traject the fragments in upward arcuate paths against the rear wall 19 of the feed box above the rotor 30 and against a baffle or deflecting plate 59 above the rotor 31, as indicated by the paths of travel 17 and 0, respectively, in Figure 1. The rear wall 19 of the, feed box constitutes a deflecting bafiie or plate and deflects the shattered fragments or material into the path of the hammer bars 44-of the rotor 30, as indicated by the deflected path of'trav'el d in Figure 1, whereby the shattered fragments are further reduced and trajected to the baffie 59, as indicated by the path of travel e, or to the rear of the casing, as indicated by the path of travel f and described hereinafter. The baffle 59 deflects the shattered fragments into the rotating hammer face of the hammer bars 44 of the rotor 31, as indicated by the path g in Figure 1, whereby said fragments are further reduced and said reduced fragments trajected by the hammer bars 44 of the rotor 31 in the paths of travel It and i toward the rear of the casing, as hereinafter described.

The bafile or deflecting plate 59 is mounted on a frame 60 adjustably supported in the casing 12'14 and retained in adjusted position by bolts 61 on the side walls 12 to provide adjustment of said baflle 59 in a vertical plane toward and away from the rotor 31. The bottom portion of the baflle frame 60' is provided with wear-resisting projections 62 formed thereon by welding-material. The adjustment of the baffle frame 60 is limited by stops on a plate 63 mounted on the top wall 14-, as shown in Figures 1 and 7, to engage a securing bolt 61.

The further reduced fragments of material traveling in the paths 1, h and i are either deflected to the rotor 31 or passed to an outlet 64 of the casing 12-14 formed by the space between the rotor 31 and the rear wall 13 and the rear wall of the base 15 by a two plate grate comprising an upper plate 65 fixedly mounted in the upper portion of the casing between the adjustable-bafiie 59 and the rear wall 13 to extend in an oblique plane from the top wall 14 to a point in substantial horizontal alignment with the bottom of the adjustable baffle 59, as shown in Figures 1 and 7. Said oblique plane intersects the path of travel of the rotor 31. The other grate plate 66 is provided with an obtuse angle portion 67 pivotally mounted on'the supporting structure of the upper grate plate 65 as indicated at 68. The obtuse angle portion 67 is adjacent to the bottom of the grate plate 65 and form an obtuse angle with the rear of said grate plate .65. The grate plate 66 is extended from the obtuse angle portion 67 in anobliq'ue plane spaced from the orbit of rotation of the rotor 31. The space between the orbit of rotation of the rotor 31 and the grate plate 66 is varied for desired size of reduced material passing between or through said space, as indicated by the paths of travel j in Figure 1, by adjustingthe grate plate 66 toward and away from the rotor 31. Said adjustment isaccomplished by a pair of bars 69, each bar being slidable through the rear wall of the base 15, as shown in Figures 1, 7 and 8, with one end of each bar arranged with an upwardly extending slot 70 to engage a pin 71 carried at each side of the grate plate 66. The opposite end of each bar 69 is flanged outwardly, as at 72 in Figures 4 and 8, for the engagement of the headed end of a bolt 73 adjustably mounted by a nut 74 in a U-shaped bracket 75 secured to the exterior of the rear wall of the base 15. Undue force on the grate plate 66 will shear oil the nuts 74 from the bolts 73 and prevent breakage of the grate plate 66. The grate plates 65 and 66 are formed with vertically extending elongated openings 76 and 77, respectively, as shown in Figure 4. The widths of the openings 76 and 77 determine the size of the reduced material passing the grate plates 65 and 66 to the outlet 64, as indicated by the paths k in Figure 1. The reduced material of a size larger than the widths of the openings 76 and 77 are deflected by the grate plates 65 and 66 in paths l and m to the path of travel of the hammer bars 44 of the rotor 31 to be reduced to a size to pass through said openings, as indicated by the paths of travel It or to pass through the space between the orbit of travel of the rotor 31 and the grate plate 66, as indicated by the paths of travel j.

Depending on the type of material being reduced, the feed device plate 29 is adjusted to extend in an oblique plane extending below the shaft 32 of the rotor 30, as shown in the full line position of the plate 29 in Figure 1, or in an oblique plane intersecting the shaft 32 of the rotor 30, as shown in the broken line position of the plate in Figure 1. I

To facilitate inspection and repair of the interior of the casing 12-14, an access opening with a hinged closure is provided in the rear wall 13, as indicated at 79 in Figures 4 and 7.

The material reduction chamber is formed in the casing 12-14 by the casing side and top walls 12 and 14, the rear wall 19 of the feed box, the rotors 30 and 31, the baffle 59, and the grate plates 65 and 66. The interior of the walls of the reduction chamber are protected by liners 80, as shown in Figures 1 and 7.

The side walls 12 are clamped to the rear and top walls 13 and 14 by rods 81 engaged in projecting portions of the side walls 12, as shown in Figures 1, 4 and 7. The top and end walls 18 and 19 are clamped between the side walls 17 of the feed box by rods 82, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

To facilitate handling and transporting the apparatus, bails 83 are provided on the feed box side walls 17 and bails 84 are provided on the casing side Walls 12, as shown in Figures 1 and 4.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In apparatus for reducing material by impact, a casing having an inlet for the material to be reduced at one end and an outlet for the reduced material at the opposite end, rotors rotatably supported in the lower portion of the casing to extend parallel to each other with one rotor adjacent to the inlet of the casing, a pair of plates extended in the vertical plane of the casing and each plate of said pair of plates spaced above and in a vertical plane intersecting the path of rotation of a rotor to deflect material trajected from the rotor adjacent to the casing inlet toward both rotors, and a grate mounted in the casing to extend between the end of the casing arranged with the outlet and the rotor nearest said end to deflect insufficiently reduced material to said rotor and permit passage of reduced material of desired size to the outlet.

2. In apparatus for reducing material by impact as claimed in claim 1, wherein the casing is arranged with a feed box comprising top, side and rear walls with the front and bottom open and mounted on top of the casing with the bottom communicating with the casing above the casing inlet and the rear wall of the feed box forming the deflecting plate extending in a vertical plane intersecting the path of rotation of the rotor adjacent to the casing inlet.

3. In apparatus for reducing material by impact as claimed in claim 1, wherein the casing is arranged with a feed box comprising top, side and rear walls with the front and bottom open and mounted on top of the casing with the bottom communicating with the casing above the casing inlet, a plurality of plates pivotally mounted in the side walls adjacent to the top wall of the feed box to partially shield the open front of the feed box, and chains anchored at one end on the plates and suspended in front of the upper portion of the casing inlet.

4. In apparatus for reducing material by impact as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pivots of the plates are slidably mounted in vertical planes in the side walls of the feed box to permit upward movement of the plates.

5. In apparatus for reducing material by impact, a rotor comprising a solid body having spaced recesses in the periphery extending longitudinally of the body, a hammer bar mounted in each recess with the top portion of the hammer bar extending from the periphery of the rotor body and the bottom portion of the hammer bar arranged with spaced pockets in one side and the opposite side of said bottom portion being beveled, a side of each rotor body recess extended at an angle corresponding to the inclination of the beveled side of the hammer bar and a cavity at the bottom of said recess side, a keeper plate having spaced ears extending laterally from one edge and interposed between the beveled side of the hammer bar and the angle side of the rotor body recess with ears extended into the cavity, said keeper plate being used to compensate for wear on the top portion of the hammer bar, and a plurality of push-bolts adjustably mounted in the rotor body at a converging angle to each recess whereby each push-bolt will impinge a face of a pocket in the hammer bar and retain the hammer bar in the rotor body recess.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,660 Lukens et al June 27, 1840 203,794 Stutz May 14, 1878 216,807 Richmond June 24, 1879 518,123 Smith Apr. 10, 1894 945,160 Goetz Jan. 4, 1910 1,085,638 Shelton Feb. 3, 1914 1,253,547 Velde Jan. 15, 1918 1,705,994 Peterson Mar. 19, 1929 2,478,733 Wright Aug. 9, 1949 2,486,421 Kessler Nov. 1, 1949 2,618,438 Chrystal Nov. 18, 1952 2,644,644 West July 7, 1953 2,767,928 Hanse Oct. 23, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,671 Great Britain of 1874 2,954' Great Britain of 1876 7,543 Great Britain of 1910 710,146 Great Britain June 9, 1954; 

